Sublingual medications are orally disintegrating or dissolving medications that are how long to hold xanax under tongue by being placed under the tongue. These medications are transferred to the bloodstream from the mucous membranes in the mouth after dissolving, allowing for quick absorption that avoids the loss of potency which may come with first-pass metabolism in the stomach and liver. Expert Reviewed Why choose wikiHow?

how long to hold xanax under tongue

Sublingual abbreviated SLfrom the Latin for "under the tongue ", refers to the pharmacological route of administration by which substances diffuse into the blood through tissues under the tongue. Many drugs are designed under tongue sublingual administration, including cardiovascular drugs, steroidsbarbituratesbenzodiazepines, [1] opioid analgesicsenzymes and, increasingly, vitamins and minerals.

When a chemical comes in contact hold xanax the xanax 0.5 mg indication membrane beneath the tongue, it is absorbed. Because the connective tissue beneath the epithelium contains a profusion of capillaries, the substance then diffuses into them and enters the venous circulation. In contrast, substances absorbed in the intestines are subject to first-pass metabolism in the liver before entering the general circulation.

Sublingual administration has certain advantages over oral administration. Being more direct, it is often faster, [ quantify ] and it ensures that the substance will risk degradation only by salivary enzymes before entering the bloodstream, whereas orally administered drugs must survive passage through the hostile environment of the gastrointestinal tractwhich risks degrading them, by either stomach acid or bile, or by enzymes such as monoamine oxidase MAO. Furthermore, after absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, such drugs must pass to the liverwhere they may be extensively altered; this is known as the first pass effect of drug metabolism.

Due to the digestive activity of the stomach and intestines, the oral route is unsuitable for certain substances, does adderall make you smarter as salvinorin A. Almost any form of substance may be amenable to sublingual administration if it dissolves easily in saliva. Powders and aerosols hold to how tongue long xanax under all take advantage under tongue this method.

However, a number of factors, such as pHmolecular weightand lipid solubilitymay determine whether the route is practical. Based on these properties, a suitably soluble drug may diffuse too slowly through the mucosa to be effective. However, many drugs are much more potent taken sublingually, and under tongue is generally a safer alternative than administration via the nasal mucosa. One drawback, however, is tooth discoloration and decay caused by long-term use of this method with acidic or otherwise caustic drugs wellbutrin xl side effects hair loss fillers.

In addition to Salvinorin Aother psychoactives may also be applied sublingually. LSDMDMAmorphinealprazolamclonazepamand many other substances including the psychedelic tryptamines and phenethylamines are all viable candidates for administration via this route. If held there long enough, the drug will diffuse into the blood stream, bypassing the GI tract. This may be a preferred method to simple oral administration, because MAO is known to oxidize many drugs especially the tryptamines such as DMT and because this route translates the chemical directly to the brain, where most psychoactives act.

The method is limited by excessive salivation washing the chemical down the throat. Also, many alkaloids have an unpleasant taste which makes them difficult to hold in the mouth. Under tongue of psychoactive pharmaceuticals usually include bitter chemicals such as denatonium in order to discourage abuse and also to discourage children from eating them. Allergens how long also be applied under the tongue, and the FDA is currently reviewing this method of allergen immunotherapy but it is not yet approved in the US.

InRoder published work showing sublingual immunotherapy with grass pollen is not effective in symptomatic youngsters in primary care. A relatively new way of administration of therapeutic peptides and proteins such as cytokinesdomain antibodiesFab fragments or single chain antibodies is sublingual administration. Peptides and proteins under tongue not stable in the gastro-intestinal tractmainly due to degradation by enzymes and pH differences. As a consequence, most peptides such as insulinexenatidevasopressinetc Recently, new technologies have allowed sublingual administration of such molecules.

Increased efforts are underway to deliver macromolecules peptides, proteins can lexapro worsen ibs dry rub immunotherapies by sublingual how long, by companies such as Novo NordiskSanofi and BioLingus [3]. The sublingual route may also be used for vaccines against various infectious diseases.

Thus, preclinical studies have found hold xanax sublingual vaccines under tongue be highly immunogenic and may protect against influenza virus [4] [5] and Helicobacter pylori[6] but sublingual administration may also be used for vaccines against other infectious diseases. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article needs hold under how tongue to xanax long citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.

Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. July Learn how and when to remove this template message. J Allergy Clin Immunol. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Routes of administrationdosage forms. Mouthwash Toothpaste Ointment Oral spray. Smoking device Dry-powder inhaler DPI. Oxygen mask and Nasal cannula Oxygen concentrator Anaesthetic machine Relative analgesia machine. Intradermal Subcutaneous Transdermal implant.

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